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Table of Contents for the Second Edition (about 421 pages)

Sections that are new or extensively reorganized between first and second editions are indicated in red.

Chapter 1: Introduction

1.1 The stars
Star light, star bright ... / Stellar spectra / The lives of the stars / Binary stars / Stellar photometry: the magnitude system
1.2 Our Milky Way
Gas in the Milky Way/ What's where in the Milky Way: coordinate systems
1.3 Other galaxies
Galaxy photometry
1.4 Galaxies in the expanding Universe
Densities and ages
1.5 The pregalactic era: a brief history of matter
The hot early Universe / Making the elements / Recombination: light and matter uncoupled

Chapter 2: Mapping our Milky Way

2.1 The solar neighborhood / Trigonometric parallax / Luminosity functions and mass functions
2.2 The stars in the Galaxy
Distances from motions / Spectroscopic parallax: the vertical structure of the disk / Distances to star clusters /
An infrared view: the bulge and nucleus
2.3 Galactic rotation
Measuring the Galactic rotation curve / Dark matter in the Milky Way
2.4 Milky Way meteorology: the interstellar gas
Mapping the gas layer / A physical picture

Chapter 3: The orbits of the stars

3.1 Motion under gravity: weighing the Galaxy
3.2 Why the Galaxy isn't bumpy: two-body relaxation
Strong close encounters / Distant weak encounters / Effects of two-body relaxation
3.3 Orbits of disk stars: epicycles
3.4 The collisionless Boltzmann equation
Mass density in the Galactic disk / Integrals of motion, and some of their uses

Chapter 4: Our backyard: the Local Group

4.1 Satellites of the Milky Way
The Magellanic Clouds / Variable stars as `standard candles' / Dwarf spheroidal galaxies / Life in orbit: the tidal limit
4.2 Spirals of the Local Group
The Andromeda galaxy / M33: a late-type spiral
4.3 How did the Local Group galaxies form?
Making the Milky Way / The buildup of heavy elements
4.4 Dwarf galaxies in the Local Group
Dwarf ellipticals and dwarf spheroidals / Dwarf irregular galaxies
4.5 Past and future of the Local Group

Chapter 5: Spiral and S0 galaxies

5.1 The distribution of starlight
Astronomical array detectors / Surface photometry of disk galaxies
5.2 Observing the gas
Radio telescopes / Cool gas in the disk
5.3 Gas motions and the masses of disk galaxies
The rotation curve / Dark matter in disk galaxies / The Tully-Fisher relation
5.4 Interlude: the sequence of disk galaxies
5.5 Spiral arms and galactic bars
Observed spiral patterns / Theories for spiral structure / Barred disks
5.6 Bulges and centers of disk galaxies
Bulges / Nuclei and central black holes

Chapter 6: Elliptical galaxies

6.1 Photometry
The shapes of elliptical galaxies / Twisty, disky, or boxy?
6.2 Motions of the stars
Measuring stellar velocities / The Faber-Jackson relation and the fundamental plane / How fast should an elliptical galaxy rotate? / Stellar orbits in a triaxial galaxy
6.3 Stellar populations and gas
6.4 Dark matter and black holes
Dark halos / Central black holes

Chapter 7: Galaxy Groups and Clusters

7.1 Groups: the homes of disk galaxies
Close encounters between galaxies: dynamical friction / Galaxy mergers and starbursts
7.2 Rich clusters: the domain of elliptical galaxies
Hot gas in clusters of galaxies / Where have all the baryons gone?
7.3 Galaxy Formation: nature, nurture, or merger?
7.4 Intergalactic dark matter: gravitational lensing
Microlensing: light bent by a compact object / Lensing by galaxies and clusters / Weak gravitational lensing

Chapter 8: The large-scale distribution of galaxies

8.1 Large-scale structure today
Measures of galaxy clustering
8.2 Expansion of a homogeneous Universe
How old is that galaxy? Lookback times and ages
8.3 Observing the earliest galaxies
Luminosity, size and surface brightness / How many galaxies: Space densities
8.4 Growth of structure: from small beginnings
Fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background radiation/ Peculiar motions of galaxies / How do peculiar velocities build up? / Weighing galaxy clusters with peculiar motions / Tidal torques: how did galaxies get their spin?
8.5 Growth of structure: clusters, walls, and voids
Pressure battles gravity: the Jeans mass / WIMPSs to to the rescue! / How early can galaxies and clusters form? / Using galaxies to test model cosmologies

Chapter 9: Active galactic nuclei and the early history of galaxies

9.1 Active galactic nuclei
Seyfert galaxies / Radio galaxies / Synchrotron emission from radio galaxies / Quasars
9.2 Fast jets in galactic nuclei, microquasars and gamma-ray bursts
Superluminal motion and beaming in relativistic jets / Microquasars: relativistic jets in stellar binaries / Fast jets from exploding stars: gamma-ray bursts
9.3 Intergalactic gas
Neutral gas: damped Lyman-&alpha clouds / Metals in the intergalactic gas / The Lyman-&alpha forest
9.4 The first galaxies
Lyman break galaxies / Observing the earliest galaxies / How and when did galaxies form? / Hidden stars: submillimeter galaxies and molecular gas / Old, red and dead? / The starforming history of the Universe

Appendix

A. Units and conversions
B. Bibliography
C. Hints for problems

Index